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November 6, 2024

ICAS Bulletin (online ISSN 2836-3418, print ISSN 2836-340X) is published every other week throughout the year at 1919 M St NW, Suite 310, Washington, DC 20036.
The online version of ICAS Bulletin can be found at chinaus-icas.org/bulletins/.

- What's Going On? -

Perspectives and Expectations as the U.S. General Election Arrives

(Source: Getty Images, Royalty-Free)

TikTok employees report being largely indifferent to the U.S. election’s impact on the app, seeing little hope from either candidate due to TikTok’s Chinese ties. Most expect prolonged court battles and believe their job security is not immediately at risk, regardless of the political outcome.
– With the upcoming election approaching, presidential nominee Donald Trump’s proposed tariffs have left U.S. farmers wary, as they fear the repeat of past trade wars with China. While some farmers appreciate his policies on taxes and deregulation, many worry that increased tariffs could harm agricultural exports and lead to billions in losses if China retaliates.
– The size of China’s domestic stimulus may depend on the U.S. election outcome, with analysts predicting a larger package if Trump wins due to potential tariff hikes. Beijing faces internal economic challenges, but the stimulus could focus more on tech and local infrastructure than direct consumer aid.
– During a briefing a Chinese official explains hopes that the U.S. will maintain consistent climate policies and international cooperation, regardless of the election outcome.

U.S. Moves in the Security Realm in Response to Rising Global Tensions

Chief of Space Operations at U.S. Space Force General B. Chance Saltzman testifies during a Senate Armed Services Strategic Forces Subcommittee hearing on Capitol Hill March 14, 2023 in Washington, DC. The hearing focused on the U.S. Space Force Programs in review of the fiscal year 2024 defense authorization request. (Photo by Drew Angerer/Getty Images)

The U.S. reports that it is closely monitoring Russia-China military cooperation in the Arctic, with recent joint activities raising security concerns. The new Ambassador-at-Large for Arctic Affairs, Michael Sfraga, called for stronger alliances as both nations pursue Arctic resources and shipping routes.
– U.S. Space Force chief General B. Chance Saltzman warned in an interview that China’s rapid development of space-based military systems poses a greater threat than Russia’s space capabilities. He notes that the U.S. is strengthening international collaboration through initiatives like Combined Space Operations to counteract these growing threats.
– After North Korean soldiers were seen alongside Russia’s fighting against Ukraine, U.S. officials urged China to curb North Korea’s support for Russia in Ukraine, hoping Beijing’s concerns about the partnership will lead it to act. American officials fear the activity could draw Europe into East Asian security issues.
– China filed a diplomatic complaint with the U.S. over $2 billion in weapons sales to Taiwan, vowing to take “necessary measures” to protect its sovereignty. Taiwan welcomed the sale, while China urged the U.S. to cease actions it claims threaten peace in the Taiwan Strait.
– In response to China’s advanced missile capabilities, the U.S. Navy plans to equip ships with Patriot interceptor missiles to counter potential hypersonic threats.

Stances on the U.S. General Election and Potential Shifts on China Policy

People vote at a polling station on Election Day in the Brooklyn borough of New York City, November 5, 2024. (Photo by DAVID DEE DELGADO/AFP via Getty Images)

– China signaled a commitment to working with the U.S. under “mutual respect” if Trump is elected, though experts warn his win could escalate U.S.-China tensions in trade, technology, and security.
– After being largely quiet on the U.S. General Election, on Monday, Chinese state media and social media picked up the “chaos” story again, focusing largely on the influence of billionaires. Social media users express pessimism about either candidate benefiting China, while most avoided taking stances on who may win the presidential election.
– Republican candidate Donald Trump, speaking at a Pittsburgh rally one day before the U.S. General Election, proposed implementing 25% tariffs on goods from Mexico and China if they do not take stronger actions to reduce the flow of fentanyl into the U.S. 
– On Election Day, China reaffirmed its stance of noninterference in U.S. affairs and expressed hope for constructive ties with the next administration. Meanwhile, the FBI warned of foreign interference efforts from Russia and Iran as tensions rose with China over a recent U.S. arms package for Taiwan.
Elon Musk’s support for Trump, despite Trump’s anti-China stance, is drawing attention in China, where Musk’s business ties could face scrutiny.
In China, interest in the U.S. election is muted, with most assuming that U.S.-China tensions will persist regardless of the winner. While Trump’s unpredictability adds risk, some say, Harris is expected to continue Biden’s firm approach, as Beijing focuses on managing ongoing rivalry and economic strain.

Major Brands Tackle Expanding Competition Amid Shifting Markets

An outdoor view of an Apple store in China in 2021. (Source: Chris Nagahama via Unsplash)

– As noted in its third-quarter revenue report which beat market expectations, Amazon Inc.’s push to offer low-cost essentials like toothpaste aims to counter competition from China-based rivals Shein and Temu, despite lower average selling prices as it brings consumers back more frequently. Leveraging its local warehouses, Amazon enhances quick delivery, though it faces price competition from U.S. retailers.
– Apple Inc. reported weaker revenue growth in China, affecting its global outlook as the U.S. company faces local competition and regulatory challenges. Strong iPhone sales in the U.S. helped, but other product lines underperformed in China, a critical market.
– After recovering from a 2019 accounting scandal, China’s Luckin Coffee now outpaces Starbucks in Chinese revenue and is looking to expand into the U.S. market.
– Apple’s iPhone exports from India surged by a third, reaching nearly $6 billion in the first half of the fiscal year, as the U.S. company continues to successfully diversify manufacturing away from China.
– Increasing consumer frugality in China over recent months is boosting domestic brands like Proya, while U.S. giant Starbucks and other global brands like L’Oreal are seeing declining sales as Chinese shoppers favor affordable, local options.
– Starbucks reported a 3% drop in quarterly revenue and a 24% decline in earnings, prompting a suspension of its 2025 guidance as new CEO Brian Niccol prepares to restrategize. Sales in both the U.S. and China fell due to decreased foot traffic and heightened peer competition from companies like Luckin Coffee.

The U.S.-China Chips Competition Mutually Continues and Intensifies

(Source: UnSplash)

– U.S. semiconductor firms, responding to tighter regulations, are urging suppliers to phase out Chinese components or risk losing vendor status. Meanwhile, some Chinese suppliers are establishing ventures in third countries to retain U.S. market access.
– The U.S. Treasury Department issued a rule to restrict American investments in China’s AI, chips, and quantum computing sectors with the goal being to curb China’s military tech advancements. Set to take effect on January 2, the rule mandates notifications for relevant transactions and includes substantial penalties for violations.
China’s Cyber Security Association called for a security review of Intel company products, alleging there are vulnerabilities that could pose risks to national security. 
– Taiwan-based chipmaker TSMC’s new Arizona plant has achieved higher chip production yields than its facilities in Taiwan, marking progress in U.S. semiconductor manufacturing. The facility is part of TSMC’s $6.6 billion government-backed expansion, with volume production expected by early 2025.
National Security Adviser Jake Sullivan defended U.S. subsidies and export curbs targeting China at the IMF, which are aimed at protecting American industries from another “China shock.” Sullivan emphasized a selective, high-security approach for sensitive technologies, despite concerns from allies and global trade risks highlighted by the IMF.

In Other News

Indonesia's President Prabowo Subianto greets journalists before receiving his state guests at the presidential palace in Jakarta on October 21, 2024. (Photo by BAY ISMOYO/AFP via Getty Images)

“China’s Premier Defends Free Trade On Eve Of US Presidential Election,” Financial Times, November 5
“Chinese Logistics Operators Are Getting Into U.S. Warehousing,” The Wall Street Journal, November 4
Chinese Solar Firms Go Where Us Tariffs Don’t Reach,Reuters, November 3
“U.S. To Expand National-Security Reviews Of Real-Estate Deals Near Military Bases,” The Wall Street Journal, November 1
“China Pivot From US Farm Imports Bolsters It Against Trade War Risks,” Reuters, November 1
“U.S. Bans Entry Of Esquel Group’s Products Over Alleged Uyghur Labor,” UPI, October 31
“Largest U.S. Drone Manufacturer Says It Will Need To Ration Batteries For Customers After Sanctions By China,” Forbes, October 31
“US Released A Chinese Detainee To Free Imprisoned American,” Politico, October 30
“Exclusive: China Considers Over $1.4 Trillion In Extra Debt Over Next Few Years,” Reuters, October 29 
“Exclusive: China’s Xi Pressed Biden To Alter Language On Taiwan,” Reuters, October 29
“Indonesia’s Prabowo To Visit China And US In First Foreign Trip, Newspaper Says,” Reuters, October 29
“Meg Whitman’s Mission in Africa: American Tech Over Chinese,” Bloomberg, October 28
“American Views Of China Hit Record Low, Poll Finds, As Animosity Grows,” The Washington Post, October 24
“Exclusive: Moon Sample Talks Show Space Engagement By Rivals Us And China,” Reuters, October 23
“U.S., China Trade Tariffs Escalating Would Be ‘costly For Everybody,’ IMF Deputy Director Says,” CNBC, October 23
“Chinese Self-Driving Startup Weride Files For $119 Mln U.S. IPO,” Reuters, October 23 

- What Are We Reading? -

- What's Happening Around Town? -

Upcoming Events

- What ICAS Is Up To -

ICAS Save the Date Announcement

The ICAS 2024 Annual Conference will be held on Thursday, December 12, 2024! 

The Institute for China-America Studies is excited to host its full-day Annual Conference—in conjunction with a celebration of the tenth anniversary of its founding—on Thursday, December 12, 2024 in Downtown Washington, D.C.!

Full information regarding this anticipatory event, to include the list of over two dozen experts in U.S.-China relations gathering to discuss current and future actions in this complex field, will be announced soon!

(Source: Institute for China-America Studies)
(Source: Institute for China-America Studies)

MAP Commentary

Reflection from the 2024 Arctic Circle Assembly: Charting the Future of Arctic Governance
By Nong Hong
October 22, 2024

The Arctic Circle Assembly, held from October 17-19, 2024, in Reykjavík, Iceland, attracted over 2,500 participants, including government leaders, academics, indigenous representatives, and business figures, solidifying its status as the world’s largest annual event dedicated to Arctic affairs. The 2024 edition expanded its scope with new initiatives, such as the Arctic Circle Business Forum, and took a more integrated approach to scientific and cultural cooperation. These additions built upon the foundations laid in 2023 while addressing evolving geopolitical and environmental challenges. The Assembly emphasized key issues such as Arctic governance, climate change, and economic opportunities, featuring more than 700 speakers across 250 sessions.

A central feature of the event was the “Polar Dialogue,” which extended the discussions initiated at the 2023 Paris Polar Summit. This dialogue focused on promoting scientific collaboration and policymaking for polar and ice-covered regions worldwide, including the Arctic, Antarctic, and the Himalayas. High-profile political figures and leading scientists participated in the discussions, aiming to bridge the gap between scientific knowledge and policy action to address pressing challenges, particularly those related to climate change and environmental conservation…

An audience view of the stage and speakers on the first day of the Arctic Circle Assembly 2024, held from October 17-19, 2024, in Reykjavík, Iceland. (Credit: Arctic Circle, CC BY 2.0 via Flickr)
(Source: UnSplash)

Commentary

Harris or Trump: The US’ broad brushstrokes on China and Beijing’s preferred choice
By Sourabh Gupta
November 4, 2024

“Are we adversaries, or partners? That is the number one question for us,” President Xi Jinping queried President Joe Biden during his meeting last November at the Filoli Estate, a grand country house and garden set on rolling grounds in Woodside, California. Returning to the question five months later in his phone conversation with Biden, Xi asserted that the two sides needed to first get the “issue of strategic perception” right, “just like the first button of a shirt that must be put right.”

Be it a Harris administration or a second Trump administration, the first button is not likely to be worn as per Xi’s liking.

This piece was originally released by Pacific Forum on November 4, 2024 as part of an opinion series.

ICAS In the News

On Sunday, October 24, 2024, Senior Fellow Sourabh Gupta was interviewed by CGTN America on the 2024 BRICS Summit.

  • “In the development realm there’s already lots of work happening…China is a huge infrastructure provider and of course the new development bank is up running and putting out loans out there but where the BRICS cooperation is done best is in terms of medium-size pragmatic initiatives, which help development and economic progress…”

 

On Thursday, October 28, 2024, Senior Fellow Sourabh Gupta was interviewed by CGTN America The Heat on the IMF-World Bank Annual Meetings and the global economy.

  • “…Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen, she has tried to kind of enhance the balance sheet the lending capacity of these multilateral development institutions and generally parties are on board in this regard but if the United  States and its North Atlantic allies are not willing to give space to emerging markets to also frame the contours of how these institutions operate that money will not all be forthcoming…and it will just so be the case that the global financial monetary system economic system which is already in a process of fragmentation…will find their own means to try to finance development in particular regions…”

 

On Friday, October 29, 2024, Senior Fellow Sourabh Gupta was interviewed by CGTN America on the outlook for the economic ramifications of Japan’s general election verdict.

  • “Just ten years back the LDP and its coalition partner Komeito were obtaining two-thirds majorities serially. They were doing that in lower house elections, they were doing that in upper house elections and while that was not the case in the previous election in 2022 or 2021 they did have a handsome majority and now even the majority is gone. This is a stinging defeat and a rare defeat for the LDP and for prime minister Ishiba to some extent.”

 

On Friday, October 29, 2024, Senior Fellow Sourabh Gupta was interviewed by CGTN America The Heat on the results of Japan’s recent election.

  • “I think his options are two parties which are both opposition parties but in terms of the ideology are fairly conservative in their approaches. One is the Japan Innovation Party, it is an out and out conservative party, a nationalist party, it’s a region based party. This is not likely to be the coalition partner…not be the supporting partner.”  

 

On Saturday, November 2, 2024, Senior Fellow Sourabh Gupta was interviewed by South China Morning Post on the future of critical minerals competition in US-China relations.

  • “A new ‘Great Game’ is under way in this mineral energy space and – under Democratic administrations at least – the game has been joined energetically on both sides of the Pacific. At this early date though, China is many body-lengths ahead in this race. And the gap will get larger if a Republican president is elected to office.” 

 

On Tuesday, November 5, 2024, Senior Fellow Sourabh Gupta was interviewed by South China Morning Post on the implications of the US presidential election for Asia policies.

  • “To cut to the chase, a Democratic Party president is handily the ‘lesser of two evils’ insofar as the party and government are concerned.”
  • “Beijing is not keen on a second edition of a ‘Trump and sowing chaos’ experiment.”
Senior Fellow Sourabh Gupta on CGTN America on October 29, 2024.
Senior Fellow Sourabh Gupta on CGTN America on October 24, 2024.