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November 17, 2021

ICAS Bulletin (online ISSN 2836-3418, print ISSN 2836-340X) is published every other week throughout the year at 1919 M St NW, Suite 310, Washington, DC 20036.
The online version of ICAS Bulletin can be found at chinaus-icas.org/bulletins/.

- What's Going On? -

The U.S. and China Engage in Top-Level Diplomacy

President Biden meets with President Xi in a video conference on November 15 (Source: Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs)

– On November 15, U.S. President Joe Biden spoke virtually with Chinese President Xi Jinping. The pair stuck to their entrenched positions on contentious issues like Taiwan and human rights, but both leaders accepted a responsibility to manage the U.S.-China relationship to ensure that it does not lead to conflict. 

– On November 12, Secretary of State Antony Blinken spoke on the phone with Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi where he reportedly asked his counterpart “to engage in meaningful dialogue” to resolve cross-straits relations in a way that is “consistent with the wishes and best interests of the people on Taiwan.”

– On November 10, near the end of the COP26 climate summit, the U.S. and China issued a joint declaration to cooperate on reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

– On November 9, President Xi released a letter to the National Committee on U.S.-China Relations stating that China “stands ready to work with the United States to enhance exchanges and cooperation across the board.” 

– On November 8, National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan said in a CNN interview that the goal of the U.S.’ China policy is “not containment, it’s not a new Cold War.”

The U.S.-China Trade and Investment Feud Continues

The leaders of the G7 nations pose for a picture at the G7 summit on June 11 after the bloc agreed to fund the B3W Initiative (Source: White House via Flickr)

– On November 15, China Telecom’s U.S. subsidiary formally asked a U.S. appeals court to block the Federal Communications Commission’s revocation of the parent company’s license to operate in the United States.

– On November 9, 97% of companies in an HSBC survey reported that they intend to keep investing in China despite U.S.-China trade tensions, citing China’s large and growing economy and well-developed supply-chains.

– On November 9, the White House announced the extension of a Trump-era executive order banning Americans from investing in firms linked to the Chinese military.

– On November 8, the U.S. announced that it is eyeing to invest in 10 infrastructure projects by next January, funded under the G7’s Build Back Better World Initiative (B3W), to counter China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI).

– On November 4, President Xi stated that China’s subsidies to private industrial firms and state-owned enterprises are on the table for negotiation with the U.S.

– On November 3, USTR Katherine Tai called for new measures to counter China’s circumvention of existing anti-dumping and anti-subsidy duties.

The U.S. and China Exhibit Anxiety and Action Towards Security Technology

Chinese intercontinental ballistic missiles on display during a parade in Beijing on September 3, 2015 (Source: Voice of America via Wikimedia Commons)

– On November 5, a spy for the Chinese Ministry of State Security was convicted in a federal U.S. court for plotting to steal trade and technology secrets from several American aviation companies.

– On November 4, the United Nations passed a draft resolution sponsored by China calling for cooperation on international security. It has been interpreted as China’s response to the AUKUS alliance and reflects a desire to eschew escalatory military technology transfer deals in favor of peaceful multilateral cooperation.

– On November 3, the Pentagon released its annual Congressionally-mandated China Military Power report where it warned of China’s expanding nuclear arsenal and increasingly aggressive behavior towards Taiwan.

Civil Rights Concerns Surface in the U.S. and China

Chinese university students attend a lecture (Source: Wikimedia Commons)

– On November 9, the American Civil Liberties Union filed a complaint with the Department of Commerce seeking civil damages on behalf of Chinese-American hydrologist Sherry Chen who was cleared of false espionage charges in 2015.

– On November 9, the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum released a 56-page report which states that the museum is “gravely concerned” that the “Chinese government may be committing genocide against the Uyghurs.”

– On November 3, the Chinese Ministry of Education accused U.S. Customs and Border Protections of engaging in “harassment and interrogations” of Chinese students studying in STEM fields in the United States. The campaign has, in some cases, resulted in the confiscation of electronics and the deportation of Chinese students.

China’s Naval Capacity Increases in Asia-Pacific and Polar Regions

Xue Long, a Chinese icebreaker ship, departs from Western Australia in 2016 (Source: Wikimedia Commons)

– On November 13, the Chinese Transport Ministry reported that plans are underway to develop a new heavy icebreaker ship by 2025, intended to aid with logistics and rescues along China’s ‘Polar Silk Road’ trade route in the Arctic.

– On November 9, a U.S. space technology company captured satellite images of what appear to be rail-mounted, full-scale mockups of U.S. aircraft carriers built by the Chinese military in the Taklamakan Desert.

– On November 5, the US Navy fired two senior officers in connection to the nuclear-powered submarine which ran aground in the South China Sea last month, the news of which was met with anger from Beijing. 

– On November 3, the Chinese military began a week of live-fire drills in the East China Sea in response to joint U.S.-Japanese drills the previous week.

In Other News

Xi Jinping in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, March 15, 2016. (Public Domain/Voice of America)

- What Are We Reading? -

- What's Happening Around Town? -

Upcoming Events

November 17 hosted by East-West Center

November 17-18 hosted by Institute for Peace & Diplomacy

November 19-22 hosted by Center for Strategic and International Studies

November 21-23 co-hosted by Polar Cooperation Research Centre, Polar Law Institute, University of Lapland, and University of the Arctic

November 23 hosted by Hudson Institute

December 7-9 hosted by South China Morning Post

- What ICAS Is Up To -

ICAS Events and Co-Sponsored Events

Starting in 2019, the Institute for China-America Studies and its partners based in China, the United States and Canada began bringing together career experts to share research proposals and dialogue on current events in diplomacy, trade, society, politics and international law in the sphere of China-U.S.-Canada trilateral relations. To further encourage candid and constructive discussion, this roundtable is conducted under Chatham House rules and is invitation-only.

This year, the roundtable consists of two panels: one on ‘Politics & Security’ and another on ‘Technology, Climate & Human Exchanges’. Each panel will include career experts—multiple each from China, the U.S., and Canada—who will present on a related subject of their choosing and then share in a moderated discussion with those in their panel.

 

ICAS will be releasing an executive summary of the roundtable following the conclusion of the event in compliance with Chatham House rules.

ICAS MAP Issue Brief

From Pragmatism to UNCLOS Purism: The Evolution of U.S. Paracel Islands Policy

by Alec Caruana

November 16, 2021

KEY TAKEAWAYS [Excerpt]

  • While a contemporary reading of the dispute suggests that the U.S. and China have always been rigidly out of step, a historical analysis of the issue shows that U.S. policy towards the Paracel Islands evolved over time from one of pragmatic ambiguity on questions of sovereignty and maritime jurisdiction to the legal purism on maritime claims that we observe today.
  • Given the Paracel Islands’ unique nature—an outlying archipelago owned by a continental state—and unique location—at an internationally-contested crossroads of global trade—future developments regarding maritime rights and jurisdiction around the Paracels are likely to be critical to the future of international maritime law at large.
  • Going forward, Washington may have to pressure its allies to bring their maritime claims more in line with UNCLOS. If the U.S. can achieve this, then the legal and operational challenges posed by both individual nations and allied blocs (AUKUS, the Quad, etc.) to China’s maritime claims would be more authoritative. Simultaneously, Beijing may be able to rally support from other continental states with outlying islands (France, Ecuador, etc.) who, like China, may wish to preserve a more liberal reading of UNCLOS.

ICAS Maritime Tracker Issue Brief

The Other Side of the Polar Coin: The Antarctic Maritime Tracker

by Matt Geraci

November 5, 2021

The Antarctic continent and Sub-Antarctic region are the other sides of the coin to the Arctic region. Aside from merely being the two poles of the planet and having similar climates, the two poles are related at many levels. The Polar regions of the globe—the Antarctic and the Arctic—are both viewed as emerging areas of competition over economic issues such as access to natural resources and new shipping lanes. However, as the regions are highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change, they are also areas that are critical for global cooperation on scientific research between regional and extra-regional stakeholders…

ICAS Maritime Affairs Tracker Announcement

Announcing the New ICAS MAP Antarctic Issue Tracker!

The Antarctic continent and the surrounding Sub-Antarctic region are naturally the other side of the coin to the Arctic. Like the Arctic, the Antarctic continent is not immune to the effects of climate change and a tug-of-war over access to land and resources. However, as the continent itself is populated only by research staff and tourists, the nuances of these issues differ immensely.

With all this in mind, the Institute for China-America Studies (ICAS) has decided to launch the Polar Trackers Project with the recognition that both the Arctic and Antarctic regions must be adequately addressed to fully understand the nuanced issues of each region. In particular, both the United States and China, as signatories to the Antarctic Treaty and Consultative Party members to the regime, each have a significant stake in the region. ICAS has released the first phase of the Antarctic Tracker as part of our commitment to providing researchers, academics, and policymakers in the foreign policy community with easy access to pertinent developments in the Polar South, particularly as it relates to growing U.S. and Chinese interests in the region.

ICAS Antarctic Maritime Claims Tracker [Click to Interact]

The scope of the first phase of the Antarctic tracker focuses on two main aspects:

  1. Sovereignty and sovereign rights claims submitted to international bodies, as well as claims featured in national legislation.
  2. Scientific research stations, which are essential sites for research on climate change, global navigation, space-related technologies, and more.
ICAS Antarctic Research Stations Tracker [Click to Interact]

ICAS In the News

On Sunday, November 7, 2021, Senior Fellow Sourabh Gupta was quoted by Xinhua on China’s role in the World Trade Organization in advance of the 20th anniversary of its accession to the body in 2001.